What are the different types of Canadian immigration programs?

Canada has a long history of welcoming immigrants and is known for its diversity, strong economy, high quality of life, tolerance and strong commitment to human rights. Each year, it accepts hundreds of thousands of permanent residents, temporary workers, students and refugees fleeing conflict. It is, therefore, no surprise that Canada remains a top destination for those seeking a better future.

Canada offers a wide range of immigration programs tailored to meet the needs of skilled workers, families, refugees, students, and business professionals.

The main types include:

1. Economic and Skilled Worker Immigration

These programs are designed for individuals who can contribute to Canada’s economy.

• Express Entry

  A fast-track system for skilled workers under three main programs:

  • Federal Skilled Worker (FSW)

  • Federal Skilled Trades (FST)

  • Canadian Experience Class (CEC)

    
    

• Provincial Nominee Programs (PNPs)

  Each province and territory (except Quebec and Nunavut) has its own immigration streams targeting workers with specific skills, experience, or job offers.

  
  

• Atlantic Immigration Program (AIP)

  For skilled workers and international graduates who wish to settle in one of Canada’s four Atlantic provinces.

  
  

• Rural Community Immigration Pilot (RCIP)

  For skilled workers who want to live and work in rural and more remote communities.

  
  

• Francophone Community Immigration Pilot (FCIP)

  For skilled workers who want to work and settle in rural and more remote Francophone-minority communities.

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2. Family Sponsorship

Canadian citizens and permanent residents can sponsor family members to join them in Canada, including:

• Spouse or common-law partner

• Dependent children

• Parents and grandparents

• Other eligible relatives in specific circumstances

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3. Business and Investor Immigration

For entrepreneurs, investors, and self-employed individuals looking to start or invest in a business in Canada.

• Start-Up Visa Program – For innovative entrepreneurs, with the support of a designated organization, who have the skills and potential to build businesses in Canada (outside Quebec)

• Self-Employed Persons Program – For individuals with relevant experience in cultural or athletic activities. (NOTE: THIS PROGRAM IS CURRENTLY PAUSED.)

• Provincial Business Immigration Streams – Offered by some provinces for entrepreneurs or investors planning to operate a business locally.

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4. Student Pathways to Permanent Residency

Many international students who study in Canada become eligible for permanent residence.

• Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP)

• Canadian Experience Class via Express Entry

• Provincial nominee streams for graduates

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5. Refugee and Humanitarian Immigration

Canada is recognized globally for its commitment to humanitarian efforts.

• Government-Assisted Refugees

• Privately Sponsored Refugees

• Asylum Seekers – Individuals claiming protection from within Canada

• Humanitarian and Compassionate (H&C) Grounds Applications

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6. Temporary Residence Programs

While not permanent resident immigration programs, these can be stepping stones toward permanent residency.

• Work Permits – Including employer-specific and open work permits

• Study Permits – For international students

• Visitor Visas – For tourists, family visits or short-term stays

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Get Legal Help Navigating Canadian Immigration

The decision to move to a new country is a difficult one, and the immigration process can often be lengthy, complex and difficult to navigate.

Whether you are applying for permanent residence, sponsoring a loved one, or exploring business immigration Martins Law Firm can help. Immigration rules can change frequently - let us provide the legal clarity you need to move forward with confidence.

The opportunity to move to Canada is something that comes along only once.

Let Martins Law Firm help you start a new life in Canada.

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This article is intended for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For assistance with your specific legal situation, please contact our office 416-536-5488.