What types of criminal charges exist in Ontario?

In Ontario, as in other provinces and territories, criminal charges fall under the Criminal Code of Canada and other federal laws. The types of charges can vary widely, but they generally fall into these categories:

1.      Summary OffencesThese are less serious crimes, usually punishable by shorter jail terms or fines. Examples include minor assaults, causing a disturbance, and thefts under $5,000.

2.      Indictable OffencesThese are more serious crimes with heavier penalties, potentially including years in prison. Examples include robbery, aggravated assault, sexual assault and murder.

3.      Hybrid Offences (or Dual Procedure Offences)These offences can be prosecuted either as summary or indictable offences, depending on the circumstances and the Crown’s decision on how to proceed with the prosecution. Examples include assault causing bodily harm, theft over $5,000, impaired driving and criminal harassment.

4.      Provincial OffencesThese are not criminal charges and involve violations of provincial laws, such as traffic offences or liquor licence breaches. They are dealt with in provincial courts and usually result in fines rather than jail time.

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This article is intended for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For assistance with your specific legal situation, please contact our office 416-536-5488.